- Ƽ
лѧ֪ʶܽᣨѡ10ƪ
ƽѧ֪ʶ㣬ղ˵ɣ֪ʶǡñ˿⡱ߡͨϰաݡڿû֪ʶܽСлѧ֪ʶܽᣬӭĶϣܹϲ
лѧ֪ʶܽ 1
1³ѹΪ̬л14̼ԭӵһȼ顢顢ȩ
2̼ԭӽٵȩ(͡Ҵȩ)ˮ;Һ̬(籽)±(屽)()ѡ()ˮ;ڳˮ65Ȼܡ
3һܶȶСˮ;һ±ܶȶˮ
4ʹˮӦɫлУϩȲӡȩ̼̼(̼̼˫̼̼)лʹˮȡɫУͬϵ(ױ)CCl4ȷ¡Һ̬ȡ
5ʹԸҺɫлϩȲͬϵࡢȩࡢ̼̼л()
6̼ԭӸͬʱΪͬ칹IJͬʣϩͻȲͶϩһԪѡһԪȩͪһԪ㴼ͷӡͰᡣ
7ͬ칹лǣCH4C2H6C3H8;ϩC2H4;ȲC2H2;ȴCH3ClCH2Cl2CHCl3CCl4C2H5Cl;CH4O;ȩCH2OC2H4O;CH2O2
8ȡӦУ±ǻˮ⡢Ӽˮ(磺ҴӼˮ)ȡ
9ӳɷӦʣϩȲͬϵȩͪ(CH2=CHCOOH)(CH3CH=CHCOOCH3)ȡ
10ܷˮʣ̼(CaC2)±(CH3CH2Br)(CH3CH2ONa)(C6H5ONa)
(CH3COONa)(CH3COOCH2CH3)(C12H22O11)(ǡѿǡάǡ)(ۡά)
((C6H10O5)n)
(ø)֬(Ӳ֬)ȡ
11ýӦûʣӡᡣ
12ܷ۷Ӧʣ(C6H5OH)ȩ(RCHO)
Ԫ(COOHCOOH)Ԫ(HOCH2CH2OH)ԪԪ(H2NCH2CH2NH2)ǻ(HOCH2COOH)(NH2CH2COOH)ȡ
13Ҫˮԡȵʵ飺(NO260)Ʊ
(SO3H80)Ʒȩ֬(ˮԡ)ӦȩCu(OH)2ҺӦ(ˮԡ)ˮ⡢ˮ(ˮ)ˮ(ˮԡ)
14
ܷӦģ±صȡӦӳɷӦ()CH3+Cl2CH2Cl(עȡ)
15лԼCu(OH)2ˮԸҺҺNaOHҺFeCl3Һ
16ʽΪCHлȲϩ(CH=CH2);ʽΪCH2Oлȩ(CH3COOH)(HCOOCH3)(C6H12O6)(C6H12O6)
17ܷӦ(ƵCu(OH)2Ȳɫ)ȩ(RCHO)ǡѿǡ(HCOOH)(HCOONa)(HCOOCH3)ȡ
18ĹżƣX(±ԭӣԭӵ)OH(ǻ)CHO(ȩ)COOH(Ȼ)COO()CO(ʻ)O(Ѽ)C=C(̼̼˫)CC(̼̼)NH2()
NHCO(ļ)NO2()
19лͨʽCnH2n+2;ϩ뻷CnH2n;ȲϩCnH2n-2;ͬϵCnH2n-6;һԪ±
CnH2n+1X;һԪCnH2n+2OCnH2n+1OH;ӼͬϵCnH2n-6OCnH2n-7OH;ȩCnH2nO
CnH2n+1CHO;CnH2nO2CnH2n+1COOH;CnH2nO2CnH2n+1COOCmH2m+1
20ƾǷˮˮCuSO4
21Ӿ۷ӦģC=C˫л(ϩ)
21ܷȥӦǣҴ(Ũᣬ170);±(CH3CH2Br)
ȥӦCCOH±ȥCCX
HH
23ܷӦǣ
24ȼղ̵ǣC2H2C6H6
25Ȼ߷ӵǣۡάءʡȻ(֬ѿǡDz)
26ϳɲϵǣϡϳϳά
27ֽԭϣά
28ǵǣ
29ܷӦǣ֬
30ˮɰǣ
31ˮղǵǣۡάءѿ
32Na2CO3NaHCO3ҺӦлǣСCOOH
33Na2CO3ӦܸNaHCO3Ӧлǣ
34жǣ״(ڹҵƾ);NaNO2(ƣҵ)
35NaӦH2ǣǻ(Ҵ)뺬Ȼ()
36ܻԭɴǣȩͪ
37ȩĴǣRCH2OH
38ֲڼˮǣϩ
39Ϊһʯͻˮƽı־ǣϩIJ
40ͨCO2ҺǵǣC6H5ONaҺ
41ˮǣ()
42ڻ.
43Ƥմϱʲôϴƾ;մ֬ԹȼҺϴ;մԹϡϴ
44ҽþƾŨǣ75%
45длӦͣ(1)շӦ(2)ϩƾϩ(3)ϩʹˮɫ(4)Ҵϩ(5)ȩҴ(6)(7)NaOHҺ
(8)֬Ӳ(9)ϩҴ(10)ȩ
46Ũˮɫǣ
47FeCl3Һɫģ
48ʹʷΣNa2SO4(NH4)2SO4
49дͨʽ(1);(2)ϩ;(3)Ȳ
ܽ
1飺ȻҪɷ11Na2CO3մ
2Ȳʯ12NaHCO3Сմ
3Ҵƾ13CuSO4?5H2O
414SiO2ʯӢʯ
5ӣʯ̿15CaOʯ
6ȩȩ16Ca(OH)2ʯҡʯ
717CaCO3ʯʯʯ
8ȼ飺ȷ18Na2SiO3ˮҺˮ
9NaClʳ19KAl(SO4)2?12H2O
10NaOHռ20CO2ɱ
ʵ鲿֣
1.ˮԡȵķӦУ
(1)Ӧ(2)ˮ(3)(4)ǵˮ
(5)ȩ֬ȡ(6)ܽȵIJⶨ
ڲ100·Ӧˮԡȣŵ㣺¶ȱ仯ƽȣ䣬ڷӦĽС
2.¶ȼƵʵУ
(1)ʵϩ(170)
(2)
(3)ܽȵIJⶨ
(4)ˮ(70-80)
(5)кȵIJⶨ
(6)(50-60)
˵(1)Ҫȷ¶߾¶ȼơ(2)ע¶ȼˮλá
3.NaӦлУ
ӡȡǻĻ
4.ܷӦУ
ȩᡢΡǡѿǡȩʡ
5.ʹҺɫУ
(1)̼̼˫̼̼ͬϵ
(2)ǻĻ紼ͷ
(3)ȩĻ
(4)лԭԵ(SO2FeSO4KIHClH2O2)
6.ʹˮɫУ
(1)̼̼˫̼̼(ӳ)
(2)ӵȷ(ȡ)
(3)ȩ()
(4)(NaOHNa2CO3)(ԭDD绯Ӧ)
(5)ǿԭ(SO2KIFeSO4)()
(6)лܼ(籽ͱͬϵȼ顢͡ȣȡʹˮɫлʳȺɫ)
7.ܶȱˮҺлУ顢屽Ȼ̼ȡ
8ܶȱˮСҺлУһ
9.ܷˮⷴӦУ
±(֬)ǡǡ()Ρ
10.ˮлУ
±ۡά
11.ΪлУ
к̼ԭСڻ4()һȼ顢ȩ
12.Ũᡢ·ķӦУ
ͬϵǻˮӦӦάصˮ
13.ܱУ
̼̼˫̼̼IJͻ(KMnO4)ͬϵȩӡ
лﶼȼգȼնDZ
14.ԵлУзǻȻĻ
15.ʹʱԵУǿᡢǿؽΡȩӡǿŨľƾ˫ˮơȡ
16.Ӧлᡢ˫ŵл(ᡢʵ)
17.NaOHҺӦл
(1)ӣ
(2)
(3)±(ˮҺˮ;Һȥ)
(4)(ˮ⣬ȷӦȷӦ)
(5)(ˮ)
18ɫ仯лӦ
1.ȻҺӦɫ;
2.KMnO4Һɫ;
3.ˮɫ;
4.ⵥʱɫ
5.Ũʻɫ(ɫӦ)
лѧ֪ʶܽ 2
һл
Ƿ̼Ԫ
л(COCO2Na2CO3CaCO3̼)
1гл
CH4(лԷСл)C2H5OH(Ҵƾ)
CH3COOH(ᣬ)C6H12O6()ǡʡ۵
2 л лС
磺CH4C2H5OH CH3COOHC6H12O6
(ԷС) л߷ӻ(л߷)磺ʡ۵
3л߷Ӳ
(1) Ȼл߷Ӳ
磺ë˿Ȼ
ϳл߷Ӳ
(ϳɲ) ϳά(ȷ)()
ϳ
лϳɲ
(1߷Ӳϵ'ṹ
״ṹ 磺ϩ(ۺ)
״ṹ ȹ 磺ľ
(2)ϩϺ;ϩ(ϩϴжװʳƷ)
ȼζд̼ζΪϩϡ
(3)ëߺͺϳάߣ
ϵΪëߣϵΪϳά;
ѧȼëζȼպʣָѹɷĩ״Ϊë;ζȼպʣָѹɷĩ״Ϊϳάߡ
ɫȾ
(1)Σ
ƻȾˮ
Σ;
պϻжȻ壬ӶԿȾ
(2);:
ټʹòҪƷ;
ظʹijЩƷϴϺе;
ʹһЩ͵ġɽϣオϺ⽵ϵ;
ܻոַ
(3)ϵķǻպõһϰ
ġͲ
1ͲϿķѺ÷չ
2Ͳϣй⡢硢ŵܵĺϳɲ;ϡϲϵ
лѧ֪ʶܽ 3
ššͬ칹塢ͬϵȸܹʶṹʽṹʽиԭӵӴͷʽźšܹͬϵо칹塣˽ԭ
һЩ͵Ϊ˽лĻ̼ܽṹոϩȲȲи̼̼̼ʺҪѧӦ
һЩ͵Ҵ顢ӡȩӣȩᡢ֬ᡢǻȩǻȩͪȣΪ˽ڻеáոҪŵʺҪѧӦ
ͨĻѧӦлӦҪ͡
ۺӦøIJͬʣ𡢼롢ᴿƵδ֪Ľṹʽ϶ĻѧӦϳɾָṹʽIJ
1molлH2Br2
1molлNaOH
ɷӦƶϷӦͷӦӦNaOHˮҺ±ˮˮNaOHҺ±ȥϡH2SO4ĿˮǡǵˮŨH2SO4ӦϵӦŨH2SO4170洼ȥӦŨH2SO4140洼ѵȡӦˮBr2CCI4ҺлļӳɷӦŨˮӵȡӦBr2Fe۱ϵȡӦX2±O2CuĴӦO2Ag(NH3)2OHȩӦCu(OH)2KMnO4Һлͬϵ֧ϵH2C=CCCCHOʻļӳ
ɹƶл
ɷӦԼл
ݷӦĻѧƶϹ
ѧʹNaKӦųH2ǻǻȻNaOHҺӦǻȻC-XNa2CO3ҺӦǻCO2ȻCO2NaHCO3ҺӦȻH2ӳɷӦܱԭ̼̼˫̼̼ȩͪʻH2ӳɷӦȻH2OHXX2ӳɷӦ̼̼˫̼̼ܷӦȩCu(OH)2ӦשɫʹKMnO4Һɫʹˮ̼̼˫̼̼ȩӦɫܱԭӦȩǻǻ̼̼˫̼̼ˮⷴӦC-XӾ۷Ӧ̼̼˫Cu(OH)2ҺϲǻɫʹָʾɫȻʹˮɫаɫǻFeCI3ҺɫǻʹKMnO4Һɫʹ屽ͬϵˮɫʹI2ʹŨƵ7ݷӦƶϹŷӦȡӦ±ᡢӼӳɷӦC=CCCCHOӾ۷ӦC=CCC۷ӦCOOHOHCOOHNH2ӺȩȥӦ±ˮⷴӦ±ǡǡӦȩC=CCCӡͬϵﻹԭӦC=CCCCHOʻļӦCOOHOHӦ֬ڼµˮ1
ŵķйطӦǻOHϩˮӳȩ/ͪ±ˮˮ±ԭӣXX2ȡHXX2ӳɴHXȡ̼̼˫C=C±ȥȲȩCHOϡijֽȻCOOHȩˮữͬϵﱻKMnO4ˮCOOӦ
ŵķ
ͨӳͼͨȥǻOHͨӳɻȩ(CHO)
лϳеijɻӦ
ټӳɳɻСӼӳɣϢ⣩ڶԪӼˮɻ۶ԪͶԪɻǻᡢͨڻӼȥСӵijɻ
лķᴿԼNaOHҺNaOHҺױNaOHҺ屽NaOHҺNO2NaOHҺȩNaOHNa2CO3ҺҴCaOҴˮCaOұKMnO4NaOHҺҴˮȡҴˮϴӼϡˮϴ
лܽԹ
ܹлﳣУǻȻͪʻΪˮţC-XΪˮšл̼ԭˮռλʱһˮлˮռλʱһˮ
ˮл±ۡά
ˮܶȱˮCCI4顢屽ˮܶȱˮСࡢʯͲƷ
ԭӸȹϵ
CH=11ΪȲϩӡ
CH=l2ܷΪϩȩᡢǡǵȡ
CH=14Ϊ顢״[CO(NH2)2]
ʽͬл
ʽΪ28УC2H4N2CO(2)ʽΪ30УC2H6NOHCHO
ʽΪ44УC3H8CH3CHOCO2N2O(4)ʽΪ46УCH3CH2OHHCOOHNO2
ʽΪ60УC3H7OHCH3COOHHCOOCH3SiO2(6)ʽΪ74УCH3COOCH3CH3CH2COOHCH3CH2OCH2CH3Ca(OH)2HCOOCH2CH3C4H9OH
ʽΪ100УCH2=C(OH)COOCH3CaCO3KHCO3Mg3N2
лͨʽ
CnH2n+2ϡͻCnH2n
ȲͶϡCnH2n-2һԪѣCnH2n+2OһԪȩͪCnH2nOһԪCnH2nO2ͬϵCnH2n-6
ͬϵ㴼ͷѣCnH2n-6O
лӦ
ȡӦ
ȡӦĶ֪һлӦԭӻԭһԭӻԭŵĽʷӦʣµģܸ÷ӦǰлĿռṹûз仯ȡӦǷڵϣDZͻзӦµ'ַӦȡӦ±Ӧ±塣ӦŨᡢױŨᡣۻǻӦŨᡣӦˮⷴӦ±ˮ⡢ˮ⡢Ǽǵˮ⡢ʵˮ⡣
ӳɷӦ
ӼӳɷӦĶ֪һлӦڼӳɷӦڲ̼ԭϣ۸÷ӦǷڲͼеļܽСļܸ÷Ӧмӽԭӻԭţֻһл൱ڻϷӦֻϲµģݼӳǰлĽṹ仯ȲϩṹƽαΣȲϩṹֱαƽΣӳɷӦDzͻĽзӦ⣬廯ҲпܷӳɷӦ
ϩȲͶϩȲļӳɣļӳɣȩͪļ⣬ļ⣬֬ļӲȡ
ȥӦȥ±ȥ
Ӷ֪һлӦȥӦڷڣ۷ڵ̼ԭϣȥӦȥСӣСӣȥɵл˫ȥǰ
лķӽṹ䷢仯ӳɷӦ෴ˣ
ӽṹı仯ӳɷӦ෴
[ȥӦ]дǻ±ԭӣл봼ǻ±ԭӣ̼ԭڵ̼ԭԭӻ봼ǻ±ԭӣ̼ԭ̼ԭӣܷȥӦ
ۺϷӦ
1Ӿ۷Ӧ̼̼˫лϩϩϩȵ
2۷ӦͨϵH2OHX۷ӦĹУȻ봼ǻǻȩȩȻ봼ǻе±ԭ백ȡ
ˮⷴӦ
±ˮ⣬ˮ⣬ǺͶǵˮ⣬ʵˮ⣻6Ӧ
ȥлѧӦ磺ȩȩᡢǡǡѿǵȡ
[Ӧ]дǻлǻ̼ԭϺԭӣǻܱΪȩһɱΪȻֻһԭӣܱΪͪʻԭӣܱ
ԭӦ
ȥлѧĻԭӦ磺ȩͪĻļ⣬⻯Ϊ飬ϩһȡ
Ӧ
ȡ
·ֽ
ĸ·ֽ⣬ʯ͵ѻʯ͵ѽȡ
ϷӦ
ӦɿϷӦӷӦɶҲϷӦ
лѧ֪ʶܽ 4
1.лܽ
(1)ˮУ±߾(ָ̼ԭĿ϶ģͬ)ȩȡ
(2)ˮУͼ[һָN(C)4]()ȩ(ͪ)ἰΡἰΡǡǡ(Ƕˮγ)
2.ʹԸҺKMnO4/H+ɫ
1)лC=CCCOH()CHOʱIJ̼ԭӵıͬϵ(Ӧ)
2)뻹ԭʷԭӦH2SS2-SO2SO32-Br-I-Fe2+
3.NaӦлСOHCOOHл
NaOHӦл£뺬зǻCOOHлﷴӦ
ʱ±Ӧ(ȡӦ)
Na2CO3ӦлзǻлﷴӦɷƺNaHCO3;
СCOOHлﷴӦƣųCO2;
СSO3HлﷴӦɻƲųCO2塣
NaHCO3ӦлСCOOHSO3HлﷴӦơƲųʵCO2塣
4.ǿᣬǿӦ
(1)2Al + 6H+ == 2 Al3+ + 3H2 2Al + 2OH- + 2H2O == 2 AlO2- + 3H2
(2)Al2O3 + 6H+ == 2 Al3+ + 3H2O Al2O3 + 2OH- == 2 AlO2- + H2O
(3)Al(OH)3 + 3H+ == Al3+ + 3H2O Al(OH)3 + OH- == AlO2- + 2H2O
(4)ʽΣNaHCO3NaHSȵ
NaHCO3 + HCl == NaCl + CO2 + H2O NaHCO3 + NaOH == Na2CO3 + H2O
NaHS + HCl == NaCl + H2S NaHS + NaOH == Na2S + H2O
(5)ΣCH3COONH4(NH4)2Sȵ
2CH3COONH4 + H2SO4 == (NH4)2SO4 + 2CH3COOH
CH3COONH4 + NaOH == CH3COONa + NH3+ H2O
(NH4)2S + H2SO4 == (NH4)2SO4 + H2S
(NH4)2S +2NaOH == Na2S + 2NH3+ 2H2O
(6)ᣬʰ
H2NCH2COOH + HCl HOOCCH2NH3Cl
H2NCH2COOH + NaOH H2NCH2COONa + H2O
(7)ʷе˻֧гԵġCOOHͳʼԵġNH2ʵᷴӦ
5.Ӧл
(1)ӦлСCHOʣȩᡢΡԭ(ǡѿǵ)
(2)Һ[Ag(NH3)2OH](Լ)ƣ
һ2%AgNO3Һμ2%ϡˮող'ǡȫܽʧ
(3)Ӧԡˮԡ£Ag(NH3)2+ + OH - + 3H+ == Ag+ + 2NH4+ + H2Oƻ
(4)ʵٷӦҺɳɻҺɫ;Թڱɫ
(5)йطӦʽAgNO3 + NH3H2O == AgOH + NH4NO3 AgOH + 2NH3H2O == Ag(NH3)2OH + 2H2O
ӦһͨʽRCHO + 2Ag(NH3)2OH2 Ag+ RCOONH4 + 3NH3 + H2O
ϡ1ˮ()23
ȩ(൱ȩ)HCHO + 4Ag(NH3)2OH4Ag+ (NH4)2CO3 + 6NH3 + 2H2O
ҶȩOHC-CHO + 4Ag(NH3)2OH4Ag+ (NH4)2C2O4 + 6NH3 + 2H2O
HCOOH + 2 Ag(NH3)2OH2 Ag+ (NH4)2CO3 + 2NH3 + H2O
ǣ()CH2OH(CHOH)4CHO +2Ag(NH3)2OH2Ag+CH2OH(CHOH)4COONH4+3NH3 + H2O
(6)ϵCHO2Ag(NH)2OH2 Ag HCHO4Ag(NH)2OH4 Ag
6.Cu(OH)2Һ(Լ)ķӦ
(1)л(к)(кͣNaOHԹ)ȩԭ(ǡѿ)͵ȶǻ
(2)Լƣһ10%NaOHҺУμӼ2%CuSO4Һõɫ״Һ(Լ)
(3)Ӧ
(4)ʵ
лֻйȩ(CHO)ƵͭҺУʱޱ仯к(ש)ɫ; лΪǻȩ()ƵͭҺУʱܽɫҺк(ש)ɫ;
(5)йطӦʽ2NaOH + CuSO4 == Cu(OH)2+ Na2SO4
RCHO + 2Cu(OH)2RCOOH + Cu2O+ 2H2O
HCHO + 4Cu(OH)2CO2 + 2Cu2O+ 5H2O
OHC-CHO + 4Cu(OH)2HOOC-COOH + 2Cu2O+ 4H2O
HCOOH + 2Cu(OH)2CO2 + Cu2O+ 3H2O
CH2OH(CHOH)4CHO + 2Cu(OH)2CH2OH(CHOH)4COOH + Cu2O+ 2H2O
(6)ϵCOOH? Cu(OH)2? Cu2+ (ʹԵļܽ)
CHO2Cu(OH)2Cu2O HCHO4Cu(OH)22Cu2O
7.ܷˮⷴӦл±(dz)()
8.ܸFeCl3ҺɫӦ
9.ܸI2ɫӦۡ
10.ܸŨᷢɫӦȻ
11.ʹˮ(Br2/H2O)ɫ
(1)лͨӳɷӦʹ֮ɫC=CCCIJͻ
ͨȡӦʹ֮ɫע⣺ҺŨˮʱɫ֮ɫ
ͨӦʹ֮ɫСCHO(ȩ)л(ˮμӷӦ)ע⣺ֻСCHO(ȩ)лﲻʹȻ̼Һɫ
ͨȡʹ֮ɫҺ̬ͬϵ±
(2)ͨ绯Ӧ3Br2 + 6OH- == 5Br- + BrO3- + 3H2OBr2 + 2OH- == Br- + BrO- + H2O
뻹ԭʷԭӦH2SS2-SO2SO32-I-Fe2+
ѧ֪ʶ㸴ϰʼ
Ҵ
1ʣɫζҺ壬ܶȱˮСˮȻ
μҴǷˮˮͭ;εõˮҴʯң
2ṹ:CH3CH2OH(йţǻ)
3ѧ
(1)ҴƵķӦ2CH3CH2OH+2Na=2CH3CH2ONa+H2(ȡӦ)
(2)ҴӦ
ҴȼգCH3CH2OH+3O2=2CO2+3H2O
ҴĴӦ2CH3CH2OH+O2=2CH3CHO+2H2O
ҴǿӦ
CH3CH2OH
ˮķԭӦ
1ˮϡˮ
(1)ˮ̼ﻯϳᡣ(軯?)
(2)ˮơƵȼﻯϳɼ(ˮ?)
(3)ˮϡˮͭˮ(ɫɼҺ̬лǷˮ)ŨˮҵƾʯˮȻˮƾϩˮҴ
2ˮ
±ˮ⡢ˮ⡢֬ˮ(ˮӦ)ˮ̼ʯӦȲˮ⡢ˮ⡢ˮ⡢⻯⻯ˮ
3дˮ
(1)ͬλػļ̬йصġˮ
ˮH2OˮD2OˮT2O˫ˮH2O2
(2)ˮҺ
ˮ(ӣNH3H2ONH3H2OӣNH4+OH-H+)
ˮ(ӣCl2H2OHClOӣH+Cl-ClO-OH-)
±ˮָˮɹκĸҺγҺNaClMgCl2NaBr
ˮŨ__ŨĻ(13)
ˮ0.9%NaClҺ
(3)ˮHgˮ--SiO2ˮúCOH2ĻˮNa2SiO3Һ
ԭԭ
(1)ѻѧֱתΪܵװýԭء
(2)ԭصĹԭͨԭӦ(еӵת)ѻѧתΪܡ
(3)ԭص
ٵ缫ΪһԲͬ;
缫Ӵ(ӻֱӽӴ);
ӵĵ缫Һɱպϻ·
(4)缫ƼķӦ
ϻõĽӦ
缫Ӧʽϻý-ne-=
ܽ⣬
ϲõĽʯīԭӦ
缫ӦʽҺ+ne-=
һų
(5)ԭжϷ
ԭIJϣ
ϻõĽ(KCaNa̫ã缫);
ϲýɵǽ(ʯī)(MnO2)
ڸݵ(·)ĵ;ɸ·ԭص
۸ڵ·ӵǨƷԭԭظ
ܸԭеķӦͣ
ʧӣӦͨǵ缫ģС
õӣԭӦdzH2ķų
(6)ԭص缫Ӧд
ԭطӦеĻѧӦԭԭӦӦӦӦǻԭӦд缫Ӧķ£
дܷӦʽ;
ܷӦݵӵʧֳӦԭӦ;
ӦڸԭӦӦԺעʺˮȲ뷴Ӧ
ԭصܷӦʽһӦʽӶá
(7)ԭصӦã
ټӿ컯ѧӦʣпʱȴп졣
ڱȽϽǿ
ԭء
ܽĸʴ
ѧ֪ʶ
ֳл
Ҵ
ʣɫζҺ壬ܶСˮеˮӷ
õлܼܽлˮȻܣΪǻOHƵķӦ2CH3CH2OH+Na2CH3CHONa+H2
Ӧ
ȫCH3CH2OH+3O22CO2+3H2O
ȫ2CH3CH2OH+O22CH3CHO+2H2O(Cu)
CH3COOHţȻCOOHˮֳƱᡣ
ԣ̼ǿCH3COOH+NaOHCH3COONa+H2O2CH3COOH+CaCO3Ca(CH3COO)2+H2O+CO2
ӦˮķӦΪӦ
ԭǻ⡣
CH3COOH+C2H5OHCH3COOC2H5+H2O
1.й̶ɣй̶ɵǴ;ͬԪɵǴ
2.ˮӦﶼ
3.ᷴӦӦ____
4.κͼӦһκ¼;ͼӦһֻκˮ
5.õǿʧһ
6.ǽԪԭԽӵĻԭǿ
7.˳ǰĽܴҺû
8.״£22.4LϵCOCO2̼ԭԼΪNA
9.̼-12ԭΪ12̼-12ĦΪ12g/mol
10.NANO2Ӵڱ״£ԼΪ22.4L
11.25ʱpH=131.0LBa(OH)2ҺкеOH-ĿΪ0.2NA
12.³ѹ£32gкNA
13.ͬͬѹ֮ͬȵܶȵķ
14.ӦȦHĴС뷴Ӧ״̬ӦʵĶ١ʽĻѧӦĿй
15.ҪȲܷķӦһȷӦӦе˷ӦǷȻ
16.ܲӾ˵е
17.һ¶ͭҺмwgͭĩãҺŨȺ䣬ͭΪCuSO45H2OW250/160g
ѧ֪ʶʼǿ
ѧӦŻҵϳɰ
1ϳɰӦ
ϳɰӦһȷӦͬʱҲʵСؼӦʽ¶ȡѹǿڻѧƽɰķƶ
2ϳɰӦ
(1)ѹƽɰķƶʹӦʼӿ죬ѹ豸ҪҲߣѹǿر
(2)ӦнӻзȥֽܱϸߵķӦʡ
(3)¶ԽߣӦʽеԽ죬¶ȹߣƽֽķƶڰĺϳɡ
(4)ܴȼӿ췴Ӧʡ
3ϳɰ
ںϳɰУﵽת߷ӦҪʱìܵģӦѰԽϸ߷ӦʲʵƽתʵķӦһƷӦ¶700KңѹǿΧ1107Pa1108Pa֮䣬N2H2ѹΪ128Ͷϱȡ
ԻѧӦʵӰ
(1)ԻѧӦӰĹɣ
ܼӿ췴ӦʣԭǴͨμӷӦı䷴Ӧ̣ͷӦĻЧ߷Ӧʡ
(2)ص㣺
ܼӿ췴ӦʶڷӦǰͻѧʲ䡣
ѡԡ
ܸı仯ѧӦƽⳣѧƽƶܸıƽתʡ
лѧʲôͼ
1ѧʽҪι̣֪ʶҪ
2Ҫܼǰ˼ܻõʲô֪ʶ㣬·Чʾͻߡ
3Ҫз˼Ŀ̣˼ͬĿָ⣬ܾһ
4ϵѡҪҪ࣬ԽۺǿԼ̽ѧϰ˼άĶ
ѧøлѧļɼ
1ȫ뱳!
ѿαϵ֪ʶѧĿʷdzŨơڻѧϵԡȥǣעԲ!ΪѧӢƣеûȥΪʲôв֪ʶ֪Ȼ̽Ȼֻܼס
2¼ǿ
һӣרż¼ԼģԱƽʱص㸴ϰͿǰǿ䡣ֻһ⣺Ҫѧˣ㻹ٸϰһ»ѧ㸴ϰʲô?ˣֻÿһıɡ
3ʱܽᣬ
еͬѧ֪ôܽᣬʵ˾ͺܼϩһڣǿԴ°ϩĽṹϩʡϩʵƷϩĻѧʡϩ;ϩĸϩͨʽϩʵݱɡϩĻѧʵԵȷܽᡣ
лѧ֪ʶܽ 5
1 л
1Ҫл
ٱȻ̼ˮˮܶȲ죻ȡ
ؽᾧܽ⡢ȹˡȴᾧϴӸ
ԭСӴ⣬лˮȡ
ܴˮܽԹĹϵͬϵ۷еݱɣ
ݱˮлܼڴ65ˮлתΪκܽԺã
ȴֻһȼ壬Ϊ״Һ塣
2ӦԼ
FeCl3ɫŨͣˮɫǻ
ˮBr2/CCl4ҺӦɫ̼̼˫СıIJͬ
ʹKMnO4Һɫ̼̼˫ױȩǻСSO2ţ
Cu(OH)2ӦʹɫΪשɫȩСļΣ
NaHCO3Ӧų壨Ȼ
ֲ㣬Ӧһʱٷֲ㣨Ϊˮ⣩
ʵԵ
Լ
Һ壨ȡFeۣˮӣˮBr2/CCl4̼̼˫
CuAg/O2CuONi/H2̼̼˫ȩ⣩
ŨᡢȣۡȥŨᡢŨᣨȡ
NaOH/H2O±ˮΪˮ⣩NaOH/±ȥ˫
NaᡢӣNaHCO3ᣩCu(OH)2Һȩᣩ
Ӧ̣
+ᣨۣϢӦ±-ϩ-±-±--ȩ--
3лƶϱرĻ֪ʶ
ŵĻѧʣʽдصۡӾۡ±ȥˮ⣩
ʹˮɫлͨСCCCC
ʹԸҺɫлͨСCCCCCHOΪͬϵ
ܷӳɷӦлͨСCCCCCO
ܷӦƵCu(OH)2ҺӦлغСCHO
ƷӦųH2лغСOH COOH
Na2CO3NaHCO3ҺӦųCO2ʹʯҺлбغȻ
ܷȥӦлΪ±
ܷˮⷴӦлΪ±ǻʡ
FeCl3Һɫлغзǻ
ܷлDzСCH2OH.лAܷ·ӦABCAӦǾСCH2OHĴBȩCӦᡣ
ʵʽʽṹʽļ㡢ƶϣ˴ŹססչӦã
ͬ칹壨ʵϰ칹/칹ϵ칹˳칹
ơϵĿͼƶ˼·лϳͼдһ淶
л֮Ӱ죨ӣͼױʲ죻ˮҴͱǻĶԱȣ
2лӦ
ٵӦΪNaOHҺʱضΪ±ȥӦ
ڵӦΪNaOHˮҺʱͨΪ±ˮⷴӦ
۵ӦΪŨH2SO4ʱͨΪˮѻǴӦ
ܵӦΪϡᲢʱͨΪ۵ˮⷴӦ
ݵӦΪʱͨǴΪȩȩΪᡣ
ӦΪµļⷴӦʱͨΪ̼̼˫ ̼̼ȩļӳɷӦ
ߵӦΪX2ӦʱͨX2ϵHԭӷȡӦӦΪX2ķӦʱͨΪϵHԭֱӱȡ
3лӦ
1H2ӳʱH2ʵͻƣ1molCCӳʱ1molH21molCCȫӳʱ2molH21molCHOӳʱ1molH21molӳʱ3molH2
21molCHOȫӦʱ2molAg1molCu2O
32molOH2molCOOHýӦų1molH2
41molCOOH̼ƻ̼ҺӦų1molCO2
51molˮ1molNaOH1molӣˮ2molNaOH
лѧ֪ʶܽ 6
1.лṹ
ܸлԪغԷȷлķʽ
˽ⳣлĽṹ˽леĹţȷرʾǵĽṹ
˽ȷлṹĻѧijЩ
˽л칹жϼлͬ칹(칹)
ܸлл
оʵ˵лл֮Ӱ졣
2.Ӧ
顢ϩȲͷĴΪȽɡṹϵIJ졣
˽ȻʯҺ͵ҪɷּӦá
Ǿ˵лϳɺлеҪá
˽±ӡȩᡢĵʹļɺͽṹصԼǵϵ
˽ӳɷӦȡӦȥӦ
ʽʵ˽ijЩлԽܲӰ죬עлİȫʹ⡣
3.ࡢ͵
˽ɺص㣬ܾ˵ʳƷӹԴϵӦá
˽ⰱɡṹصҪѧʣ彡Ĺϵ
˽⵰ʵɡṹʡ
˽⻯ѧѧѧչҪá
4.ϳɸ߷ӻ
˽ϳɸ߷ӵṹص㣬ݼϳɸ߷ӵĽṹں͵塣
˽Ӿ۷Ӧ۷Ӧص㡣
˽߷Ӳϵܼڸ¼еӦá
˽ϳɸ߷ӻڷչáĹס
ݷӦ
NaOHӦУ±ˮ;ˮ;±Һȥ;;ݷ;NaOHƼ
ŨH2SO4ٴȥ;ڴ;۱;Ӧ
ϡH2SO4ˮ;ˮ;۵ˮ
NiȣмļӳɷӦ
Fe.±
ʹգ±
˴±ȥĽṹ-C
̴Ľṹ-C
ݷӦ
ˮCCl4ҺɫCTCCC;
FeCl3Һɫ;
ʯҺԺɫ;
NaӦH2ǻ(ӻ);
Na2CO3NaHCO3ҺӦCO2;
Na2CO3ҺӦCO2ų;
NaOHҺӦӡᡢ±;
ӦƵCu(OH)2ҺȲɫȩ;
ͳܽCu(OH)2;
ĴCH2OHĽṹ(Ĵǻࡰ̼ԭϺԭ;ܷȥӦĴǻࡰڡ̼ԭϺԭ);
ˮ⣺±ǺͶǡ͵;
мܻԭɴȩ;
лѧ֪ʶܽ 7
2024ѡ5лѧ֪ʶ
1ǽʣF2Cl2 O2 S N2 P C Si
F2 + H2 === 2HF
F2 +Xe===XeF2
2F2+Xe===XeF4
nF2 +2M===2MFn ʾֽ
2F2 +2H2O===4HF+O2
2F2 +2NaOH===2NaF+OF2 +H2O
F2 +2NaCl===2NaF+Cl2
F2 +2NaBr===2NaF+Br2
F2+2NaI ===2NaF+I2
F2 +Cl2 ===2ClF
3F2 +Cl2===2ClF3
7F2+I2 ===2IF7
Cl2 +H2 ===2HCl
3Cl2 +2P===2PCl3
Cl2 +PCl3 ===PCl5
Cl2 +2Na===2NaCl
3Cl2 +2Fe===2FeCl3
Cl2 +2FeCl2 ===2FeCl3
Cl2+Cu===CuCl2
2Cl2+2NaBr===2NaCl+Br2
Cl2 +2NaI ===2NaCl+I2
5Cl2+I2+6H2O===2HIO3+10HCl
Cl2 +Na2S===2NaCl+S
Cl2 +H2S===2HCl+S
Cl2+SO2 +2H2O===H2SO4 +2HCl
Cl2 +H2O2 ===2HCl+O2
2O2 +3Fe===Fe3O4
O2+K===KO2
S+H2===H2S
2S+C===CS2
S+Fe===FeS
S+2Cu===Cu2S
3S+2Al===Al2S3
S+Zn===ZnS
N2+3H2===2NH3
N2+3Mg===Mg3N2
N2+3Ca===Ca3N2
N2+3Ba===Ba3N2
N2+6Na===2Na3N
N2+6K===2K3N
N2+6Rb===2Rb3N
P2+6H2===4PH3
P+3Na===Na3P
2P+3Zn===Zn3P2
2ԭ
S+O2===SO2
S+O2===SO2
S+6HNO3Ũ===H2SO4+6NO2+2H2O
3S+4 HNO3ϡ===3SO2+4NO+2H2O
N2+O2===2NO
4P+5O2===P4O10дP2O5
2P+3X2===2PX3 XʾF2Cl2Br2
PX3+X2===PX5
P4+20HNO3Ũ===4H3PO4+20NO2+4H2O
C+2F2===CF4
C+2Cl2===CCl4
2C+O2===2CO
C+O2===CO2
C+CO2===2CO
C+H2O===CO+H2ˮú
2C+SiO2===Si+2COƵôֹ裩
Si֣+2Cl===SiCl4
SiCl4+2H2===Si+4HCl
Siۣ+O2===SiO2
Si+C===SiCɰ
Si+2NaOH+H2O===Na2SiO3+2H2
3У绯
Cl2+H2O===HCl+HClO
绯Ӽմٽ绯
Cl2+2NaOH===NaCl+NaClO+H2O
2Cl2+2CaOH2===CaCl2+CaClO2+2H2O
3Cl2+6KOHȣŨ===5KCl+KClO3+3H2O
3S+6NaOH===2Na2S+Na2SO3+3H2O
4P+3KOHŨ+3H2O===PH3+3KH2PO2
11P+15CuSO4+24H2O===5Cu3P+6H3PO4+15H2SO4
3C+CaO===CaC2+CO
3C+SiO2===SiC+2CO
ѧʽд㲽
һлѧʽд
1дȷдӦĻѧʽ
2䣺ƽѧʽ
3עעӦ
4꣺Ӧ壨壩μӣӦ壨壩壨壩ʵĻѧʽұҪ壨壩μӷӦʱɵ壨壩ͷꡰй̲ꡰ
ݳлѧʽмIJ
1裺δ֪
2ȷдйػѧӦʽ
3أҳ֪ϵ
4ȣгʽ
5𣺼Ҫд
ôûѧ֪ʶ
1֪ʶͼ
̿漰֪ʶdzһźõԾḲǵÿ½ÿ֪ʶĿ죬ֻҪÿ½ڵ֪ʶ㿼㣬նӦķɣ߷Ȼɡ
ͬѧǿԸݿϵıʼǣг½ڴȫÿһ֪ʶ㣬ܽÿ֪ʶӦķͼɡƽʱѧϰĹܼܽյøá
2ʽټ
ĩԲͬƽʱԣѧһѧڵѧϰ漰֪ʶ㡢ʽdzࡣĿϣʽһмĻһҪԼɣĿм䣡
3ϰ
ΪƵĻӦõӡÿοԶΪдŵԭ֡ӻϰȷʲٶ֣ڿȡʱȥ˼ѹ⡣
4ۺϺģ
ƽʱûнӴѹѶȣڿϽĿܾͺãҿǰѡһЩۺϰϤۺ`·Ѷȼ˽Բߡ
ѧѧô
1ʵ飬μǷʽ
ѧʵԷdzǿ֪ʲôԭӦ֪ȡ֪ѧʵľ岽ʵ鹤ߣôлѧûѧã˻ѧʵĩϰص㡣⣬ҪסʵõĻѧʽͨǿԱؿݡ
2ѧϰҪӡʼ
ǻ֪ʶŽ̵̳ı䶯ΪѧĩԵص㣬ĩУн70%ĵķֵǴӿαϵģֻDZһΣһ˼·˵ٱԼˣعαλǻѧĩϰȷ
3ҪеҪǿ
ѧ˵ĿƣҪе֪ʶdzĶ࣬ÿһʵÿһӦÿһʵ鵽ÿһԭҪǼԱм䣬ˣĩһҪϤй֪ʶڿеá
4úÿñʼǺʹⱾ
ñʼǼ¼ʦ̣¼ڿϵѧϰЧⱾ¼Ƿд߽ԸϰǵĸϰЧʣٸϰʱ䣬Ҳ֤˲ᷳĿñʼǺʹⱾڹؼʱҪá
лѧ֪ʶܽ 8
лѧ֪ʶ£
1.ǻſܷӦͣȡȥۡкͷӦ
ȷ,ȡ(ӡ);ȥ();();();(ӡ);кͷӦ(ᡢ)
2.ʽΪCH2Oлѿǡά
,ѿǺάض
3.ʽΪC5H12O2ĶԪ̼ԭ3Ľṹ2
ȷ
4.£pH=11Һˮ'c(H+)Ǵˮc(H+)104
,Ӧ10-4
5.µķӦ4
,HClһ5
6.һ¾ȩȩһ¾
,һ²һȩȩһ¾
7.CH4OC3H8OŨˮɵõ7л
ȷ,6һϩ
8.ΪC5H10ϩܽṹ5
ȷ
9.ʽΪC8H14O2ҽṹкԪ̼ʹ7
ȷ
10.顢ϩȲȼʱõɶൽ
ȷ,ͬ,HıԽȼպԽ
11.˿Ҫɷֶά
ȷ,˿ޡֽά
12.ķϩĻѧȶԽϺã䵥DzʱȽϻ
,ķϩ,
13.ˮֻʹ;ıһȡ3
,ˮҲͷ
14.ˮɵCOCOһNaOHӦHCOONaCOǼ
,Ϊ:(HCO)2O
лѧ֪ʶܽ 9
һͬϵ
ṹƣڷһɸCH2ԭŵʡ
ͬϵжҪ㣺
1ͨʽͬͨʽͬһͬϵ
2Ԫͬ
3ṹָƵԭӷʽͬĹĿṹƲһȫͬCH3CH2CH3(CH3)4Cǰ֧֧Ϊͬϵ
4ڷϱһCH2ԭţͨʽͬһCH2ԭŲһͬϵCH3CH2BrCH3CH2CH2Cl±һCH2ԭţͬϵ
5ͬ칹֮䲻ͬϵ
ͬ칹
ͬķʽвͬṹͬ칹ͬ칹Ļﻥͬ칹塣
1ͬ칹ࣺ
̼칹ָ̼ԭ֮ӳɲͬ״״ṹɵ칹C5H12ͬ칹壬顢顣
λ칹ָŻȡ̼ϵλòͬɵ칹1ϩ2ϩ12ڶױױԶױ
칹ָŲͬɵ칹Ҳй칹1Ȳ13ϩϩ뻷顢Ҵѡȩͪǡѿǵȡ 칹ʽ˳칹ӳ칹Ҳ칹칹ȣѧεϢ漰
л칹
CnH2n+2ֻֻ̼칹CH3(CH2)3CH3CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH3C(CH3)4 CnH2nϩCH2=CHCH2CH3
CH3CH=CHCH3CH2=C(CH3)22 2 CH
22 2 CH2CH CH3
CnH2n-2Ȳϩ磺CHCCH2CH3CH3CCCH3CH2=CHCH=CH2
CnH2n-6ͬϵCH3CH 3CH3 CH3CH3
CnH2n+2O֬ѡ磺CH3CH2CH2OHCH3CH(OH)CH3CH3OCH2CH3 CnH2nOȩͪѡϩ磺CH3CH2CHOCH3COCH3CH2=CHCH2OH 2CH2 2CH2CH OH CH2CH CH3 CH2
CnH2nO2ᡢȩǻͪ磺CH3CH2COOHCH3COOCH3HCOOCH2CH3HOCH2CH2CHOCH3CH(OH)CHOCH3COCH2OH
CnH2n+1NO2顢ᡣ磺CH3CH2NO2H2NCH2COOH
Cn(H2O)mࡣ磺C6H12O6CH2OH(CHOH)4CHOCH2OH(CHOH)3COCH2OH C12H22O11ǡѿǡ
2ͬ칹дɣ
ֻܴ̼칹дɣ
ɳ̣֧ɢλĵߣŲɶԵڵ䡣
йŵĻϩȲͪȣǾ̼칹λ칹
칹д˳ǡһ̼칹λ칹칹
廯Ԫȡȡڱϵλþڡ䡢֡
3жͬ칹ij
䷨
̼ԭĿ1~5칹Ŀ顢ͱ칹壬칹壬칹塣
̼ԭĿ1~4һһ֣CH3һһ֣CH2CH3 CH2CH2CH3CH(CH3)2֣CH2CH2CH2CH3CH323 CH2CH(CH3)2C(CH3)3 CH
һ۱һ֡۱֣ڡ䡢֣
ӷлɻӶɣɻŵ칹Ŀƶл칹Ŀ
磺֣ǻӶɣҲ֣ȩᣨֱȩȻӶɣҲֱ֡
ͬתлеIJͬԭӻŽеͬת
磺й6HԭӣһHԭӱClԭȡһֻһֽ
ôж֣еClԭתΪHԭӣHԭתΪClԭӣһȫͬҲһֽṹֽͬṹҲֽṹ
ЧⷨЧָлдͬλõԭӡЧһԭͬȡȡòﶼͬһʡжϷУ
ͬһ̼ԭӵԭӵЧ
ͬһ̼ԭӵġCH3ԭӵЧ磺е`ĸͬһ̼ԭ3 3CH3CH3 ֢ ͬһдھԳƣԳƣλõԭӵЧ磺е18ԭӵЧ ϣе12ԭӵЧ CH3 CH3
лϵͳ
1ϵͳ
ͳͶ̡ѡ̼̼ԭ ֧ͽԶȡһ˱š
Ͷ١̼ȳԺȡΪ
ͼͷ˵Ⱦλͬʱֲͬȡʱȡȱ
ΪͬȡĶ˱ʹȡλñ֮Сʹһ˱𣩡 дȡƣдƣȡ˳ӼӣͬȡϲԺֱĿȡλ̼ԭӵİֱűдڱʾȡĿĺ֮ǰλñ֮ԡ뺺֮ԡ
дĸʽ
ȡ
2йŵĻ
ĸ壺ݻеĹȷĸ塣磺̼̼˫ĻϩΪĸ壬
ΪijϩǻȩȻĻֱԴȩΪĸ壻ͬϵԱΪĸ
Ժоܶŵ̼Ϊ
űСơ
磺ӵȡ ̼ 3 OH CH3 CH32 CH3CH3 2,32 2,32һȩ CH3CHO CH3 CH3
ġл
1״̬
̬֬ᡢ֬ǡǡǡѿǡۡάءᣨ16.6£
̬C4µ顢ϩȲȩһȼ顢飻
Һ̬
״
ճ״ʯ͡Ҷ
2ζ
ζ顢ȲPH3H2SAsH3гζ
ζϩ
ζȩȩ
ζҴͼ
3ɫ
ɫǡ
ɫɫʯ
4ܶȣ
ˮҺ̬һȴҴȩͼͣ
ˮأ屽ҶCCl4
5ӷԣ
Ҵȩᡣ
6ˮԣ
ܣ֬ᡢ屽顢ϩͬϵʯ͡CCl4
ܣȩᡢҶ
ˮܣҴȩᡢ
塢ʽͬл
1CHC2H2C6H6⾧顢ϩC8H8顢ϩ
2CH2ϩͻ
3CH2Oȩᡢǣ
4CnH2nOһԪȩһԪ̼ͪԭıһԪȩC2H4O붡ἰ칹壨C4H8O2
5Ȳϩ̼ԭıͬϵ
磺ȲC3H4C9H12
ˮѧӦʹˮɫɫ
1л
ϩȲϩȣ
ϩϩȩϩᡢϩᡢȣ
ʯͲƷѻѽѻ͵ȣ
ȩĻȩᡢΡǡѿǵȣ
Ȼϩ
2
2۵S⼰
+ 4۵SἰΣ
+ 2۵Fe
6FeSO4 + 3Br2 = 2Fe2(SO4)3 + 2FeBr3
6FeCl2 + 3Br2 = 4FeCl3 + 2FeBr3 ɫ
2FeI2 + 3Br2 = 2FeBr3 + 2I2 + ZnMgȵ Mg + Br2 === MgBr2 MgHMgHBrOķӦ 1۵Iἰ⻯ɫ
NaOHǿNa2CO3AgNO3
Br2 + H2O = HBr + HBrO
2HBr + Na2CO3 = 2NaBr + CO2+ H2O
HBrO + Na2CO3 = NaBrO + NaHCO3
ߡȡʹˮɫ
ϲɫģ>1±CCl4ȷ¡屽ȣCS2ȣ
²ɫģ<1ֱ͡úͬ͡ϵͼҺ̬Һ̬缺ȣ
ˡʹԸҺɫ
1л
ϩȲϩȣ
ϩϩȩϩᡢϩᡢȣ
ʯͲƷѻѽѻ͵ȣ
ʣҴȣ
ȩĻȩᡢΡǡѿǵȣ
Ȼϩ
ͬϵ
2
±ἰ±ᡢᡢŨᡢ廯⻯
+ 2۵Feμ
2۵S⼰
+ 4۵SἰΣ
˫ˮH2O2
⡿
1 ijһͬ칹ֻһһȴķʽǣ
A. C3H8 B. C4H10 C. C5H12 D. C8H18
ֱжͬ칹ĵЧⷨ
˼·Ҫͨͬ칹ӵĶԳеĵЧ⡣
C3H8C4H10ĸͬ칹жֵЧ⣬ͬ칹һȴӦ֡
CH4C2H6ĽṹHԭӶЧǵԭӱȡеԭҲֱǵЧġC5H12C8H18ĸһͬ칹C(CH3)4(CH3)3CC(CH3)3һȴһ֡
𰸡CD
2 иͬ칹ǣ
A. 12C13C B. O2O3
лѧ֪ʶܽ 10
лѧʵע
1עȷʽ
лʵҪȣͬʵȷʽܲһ
žƾƼȡƾƵĻ¶һ400500棬Ҫ¶Ȳ̫ߵʵ鶼þƾƼȡ̲þƾƼȵлʵǣ"ϩƱʵ""ȡʵ""ʯʵ""ʯĴѻʵ"
ƾƾƼȡƾƵĻ¶ȱȾƾƵĻ¶Ҫߵö࣬Ҫϸ¶ȵлʵɲþƾƼȡ̲þƾƼȵлʵǣ"úĸʵ"ϵ"лѧ"עɻȡѧϰɻ
ˮԡȡˮԡȵ¶Ȳ100档̲ˮԡȵлʵУ"ʵ(ȩࡢȵеʵ)""ȡʵ (ˮԡ¶Ϊ60)""ȩȡʵ(ˮԡ)""ˮʵ(ˮԡ¶Ϊ70桫80)""(ǡۺά )ˮʵ(ˮԡ)"
¶ȼƲµлʵУ"ȡʵ""ȡʵ"(ʵе¶ȼˮDzڷӦҺˮԡҺУⶨˮԡ ¶)"ϩʵȡʵ"(¶ȼˮ뷴ӦҺУⶨӦҺ¶)"ʯ͵ʵ"(¶ȼˮӦھ֧ƿ֧ܿڴⶨ¶)
2עʹ
ʵУ"ϩȡʵ""ȡʵ""ȡʵ""άȡʵ""(ǡۺά)ˮʵ""ˮʵ"
ǰĸʵĴΪŨᣬʵĴΪϡᣬһʵҲҺ
.ʵУ屽ȡʵ(ʵõӦɵ廯)
ʵУʯĴѻʵ顣
3עⷴӦ
лʵҪעϸƷӦӦı"ϩƱʵ"עҴŨıΪ13ҪҪ̫࣬Ӧ̫Ӧ϶࣬ӶӰϩIJʡ
4עȴ
лʵеķӦͲΪӷԵкʣԱעԻӷķӦͲȴ
Ҫˮ(ʢװ)ȴʵ飺"ˮȡʵ""ʯ͵ʵ"
ÿȴ(óӷӦװ)ʵ飺"ȡʵ""ȩȡʵ""ȡʵ""ʯĴѻʵ""屽ȡʵ"
ЩʵҪȴĿǼٷӦĻӷȱ֤ʵ˳УּЩӷ˵ΣͶԻȾ
5ע
лʵӦ϶࣬²еҲ࣬Ϊ˱֤ĴעԲоӡ"ϩƱʵ"ϩг CO2SO2壬ɽֻͨ뵽ŨҺгȥ;"屽Ʊʵ""Ʊʵ"屽зֱ NO2ˣŨҺϴӡ
6ע
עⲻϽҲлʵһע"Ũʹˮʵ"(Ҳ""ʵ)(ĿʹŨѸٻϣڶʱڼ練ӦԱ㷴Ӧųʹʹ̿ɵ̿ȹʿ)"ϩƱʵ"дҺơ
7עʹ÷ʯ(ֹ)
Ҫʹ÷ʯлʵ飺
ʵȡϩʵ;
ʯʵ顣
8עβĴ
лʵӷк壬˱кβ
顢ϩȲȡʵпɽȼԵβȼյ;
"屽ȡʵ""Ʊʵ"пȴķкӷ
лѧ֪ʶܽ£
Java֪ʶ03-05
֪ʶɸɻ11-29
лѧ֪ʶܽ04-03
Java֪ʶ03-09
֪ʶܽ04-03
ѧ֪ʶܽ12-09
ѧ֪ʶܽ11-10
αһ֪ʶܽ07-26
Сѧѧ֪ʶܽ03-10
СѧӢ֪ʶܽ03-26